Strawberry is a fruit that most people like very much. It tastes sweet, bright pink, and has juicy pulp. The price of strawberries has always been good, and the strawberry garden can also be picked and played. It kills two birds with one stone, so The benefits of growing strawberries are substantial.
There are more and more people growing strawberries, and most of them are grown in greenhouses. What are the technical points for growing strawberries in greenhouses, and how to manage strawberry gardens in order to obtain high yields?
In the process of strawberry garden management, scientific management must be carried out, especially strawberry gardens are often planted repeatedly, so that there will be more soil-borne pathogens. If you want to grow red and big strawberries, you must do a lot during the management process to the following 3 points.
Timely sterilization
Although the temperature in winter is low, it is not easy to have diseases and insect pests, but strawberries are planted in greenhouses, the temperature is still relatively high, and the environment is often high temperature and high humidity, which is more conducive to the spread of germs, so strawberry gardens are idle in summer Sometimes, it is very necessary to sterilize the greenhouse.
There is another trick for heavy cropping, which is to use quicklime, because quicklime sprinkled in the soil will generate high temperature, which can eliminate germs and nematodes in the soil. At the same time, quicklime can also improve the soil structure and loosen the soil. Quicklime It can also supplement the trace elements in the soil and may also have the effect of dehumidification.
Quicklime can be used when the soil is deeply plowed after harvesting. Sprinkle the quicklime in the soil and pour a little water to seal the greenhouse. At the same time, use the high temperature of the sun and the heat generated by the quicklime to meet water to eliminate germs The effect will be good if the shed is kept stuffy for a month.
Quicklime kills harmful bacteria and can also kill beneficial bacteria, so after using up quicklime, you can properly supplement some microbial bacteria.
Green pest control
The prevention and control of diseases and insect pests should be based on prevention, and chemical drugs should not be used as much as possible. We can use agricultural control and physical control measures to prevent them together, so that we can grow green and pollution-free strawberries with a sweeter taste.
1. Agricultural prevention and control
Try to choose varieties with strong disease resistance, which is the most economical preventive measure. At the same time, choose land with good ventilation, good drainage, and fertile soil for planting, so that strawberries grow better and have stronger disease resistance. . Also, try to choose decomposed farmyard manure for the base fertilizer, which not only has more nutrition, but also improves the structure of the soil and reduces the occurrence of soil-borne diseases.
Some natural enemies can also be selected to prevent the occurrence of pests and diseases, release pupae and adults of seven-spotted ladybug, and control aphids and other pests. Using phytoseiid mites to prevent and control spider mites on strawberries in greenhouses; Lepidos spp. can effectively prevent and control whiteflies on strawberries in greenhouses; aphid-eating gall midges can prevent and control aphids on strawberries in greenhouses well.
Garlic can also be intercropped in strawberry rows, which can also prevent pests and diseases. Some wormwood, mint, pepper and pepper can also be planted around strawberries to prevent pests. When the base is free, chickens, ducks, etc. can be raised to eat insects.
2. Physical measures
Physical measures are trapping and killing. Install frequency-vibrating solar insecticidal lamps in strawberry gardens to trap scarabs, leaf miners and other pests. Yellow boards trap and kill whitefly and aphids. Place black light lamps to trap and kill adults of various underground pests.
At the same time, it is necessary to clean up the old, weak, sick and disabled leaves in the garden in a timely manner, and do a good job of weeding. When the diseased plants are found, they should be pulled out in time and destroyed in a unified manner. Some physical methods such as black light, biological barriers and physical barriers can also be used. to prevent the occurrence of pests.
Try not to use chemical agents, and some biological agents can be used. When you have to use chemical agents, you should choose low-toxic ones to minimize the pollution of the agents to the environment.
Inhibit overgrowth of strawberries
Many novice farmers are very happy to see that the plants are growing very vigorously. They feel that they have planted very well. In fact, on the contrary, if the plants grow too vigorously, they will take away the nutrients of the fruits, and the fruits will naturally not grow. Big and red, only small and ugly, and prone to deformities.
Especially in the flowering period of strawberries, if too much nitrogen fertilizer is applied, the plants will grow vigorously, and even stolons will appear due to excess nutrition. Therefore, it is necessary to control the prosperity of strawberries in the management. The specific measures are as follows:
1. Water control, nitrogen control, temperature control
In the case of maintaining soil moisture reasonably, watering should be minimized in the early stage, stop watering 1 week before flowering, and water again two weeks after flowering. In the case of ensuring normal growth, the use of nitrogen fertilizer should be controlled. If the temperature and humidity in the shed are too high, the strawberry plants will grow vigorously, so the temperature and humidity in the shed must be well controlled.
2. Spray foliar fertilizer
There is an antagonistic reaction between phosphorus, potassium, boron and nitrogen, and appropriate supplementation of phosphorus, potassium and boron can inhibit the absorption of nitrogen by strawberries.
3. Leaf thinning and weeding
Timely removal of old leaves, yellow leaves, diseased leaves, invalid leaves and new stolons on the plants can reduce the quality of nutrients produced by photosynthesis, and can also play a role in controlling prosperity. Intertillage and weeding can increase the air permeability of the soil, and it is also conducive to the sub-rooting of secondary roots.
4. Use chemicals
About 20 days after strawberry transplanting and planting, low-concentration drugs such as tebuconazole and difenoconazole are used to chemically control the prosperity, and the concentration can be increased appropriately in the middle and late stages.
Summary: In the process of growing strawberries in greenhouses, it is necessary to carry out high-temperature sterilization on the greenhouses, and to do a good job in the prevention and control of diseases and insect pests. Finally, control the overgrowth. If these three points are done well, red and big strawberries can be grown.
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